Volume 28, Issue 4 (12-2020)
www.ijcm.ir 2020, 28(4): 809-828 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Pourmohammad, Ahmadi Khalaji, Homam, Ebrahimi, Esmaeili, Tahmasebi. Mineral chemistry and petrogenesis of the Amphibolites of Geysour metamorphic complex, east of Gonabad. www.ijcm.ir 2020; 28 (4) :809-828
URL: http://ijcm.ir/article-1-1549-en.html
URL: http://ijcm.ir/article-1-1549-en.html
Abstract: (1720 Views)
The Geysour area is located east of Gonabad and is a part of the northern Lut block. The rocks in this area include granitoid and metamorphic rocks. Based on field and mineralogical evidence, the protolith of amphibolite rocks are calc-silicate. The metamorphic rocks of this region are divided into metapelites and amphibolites. Textures, such as post-tectonic garnet and random amphiboles, are indicative of contact metamorphism in amphibolites. Garnets behave from ideal to non-ideal. The end members of the garnet are varied in these rocks and include Al-schorlomite, uvarovite, spessartine, pyrope, almandine, grossular, andradite, morimotoite, and majorite, but their profile patterns are flat. The amphibole is of the ferrohornblende type to the ferrochermakite and chermakite, and has zoning. Biotite has converted to chlorite. The presence of titanite, hematite and epidote are an indication of the effect of oxygen fugacity. Temperature and pressure were calculated in the range of 534-609 oC and 2-<4 Kbar, respectively. Geysour amphibolites have progressed to the mid-amphibolite facies in the metamorphic aureole. Also, these rocks were undergone a retrograde metamorphism where the temperature and pressure were 489oC and 2.8 kbar, respectively, and the chloritizied biotites exhibit temperatures below 150 oC.
References
1. [1] Coutinho J., Kräutner H., Sassi F., Schmid R., Sen S., "Amphibolite and Granulite", Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks:Web version, (2007), 1-12.
2. [2] Endo S., Nowak I., Wallis S. R., "High-pressure garnet amphibolite from the Funaokayama unit, western Kii Peninsula and the extent of eclogite facies metamorphism in the Sanbagawa belt ", Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, Vol. 108,(2013) 189─200. [DOI:10.2465/jmps.121125]
3. [3] Thomas H., Paudel L., "Petrogeochemistry of Amphibolites from Shivpura District Bhilwara, Rajasthan, India", Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, 20(2), (2015) 103-112. [DOI:10.3126/jist.v20i2.13962]
4. [4] Li Y., Zhao L., Li Z., Luo B., Zheng J., Brouwer F. M., " Petrology of Garnet Amphibolites from the Hualong Group: Implications for Metamorphic Evolution of the Qilian Orogen, NW China ", Journal of Earth Science, Vol. 29, No. 5, (2018) 1102-1115. [DOI:10.1007/s12583-018-0850-0]
5. [5] Kanisawa S., "Garnet-amphibolites at Yokokawa in the Abukuma Metamorphic Belt, Japan", Contribution Mineralogy and Petrology, 20, (1969), 164-176. [DOI:10.1007/BF00399629]
6. [6] Blatt H., Tracy R., Owens B., "Petrology: Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic", Freeman Publisher, (2006),1-530.
7. [7] Bucher K., Frey M., " Petrogenesis of Metamorphic Rocks ", Springer, (2002), 1-350. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-662-04914-3]
8. [8] B.R.G.M. Co., "Explanatory text of the Gonabad Quadrangle map 1:250000", Geological Survey of Iran. (1992) p.166.
9. [9] Karimpour M. H., Moradi M., "Petrology of Granodiorite and Monzonites of eastern Najmabad (Gonabad) ", 17th Iranian Society of Crystallography and Mineralogy, Bo Ali Sina University, Hamedan. (in Persian) (2009).
10. [10] Ghaemi F., "Geological Map 1: 100,000 Nodeh", Geological Survey of Iran, (in Persian) (2010).
11. [11] Foley A., "Geological Map of 1: 250000 Gonabad", Geological Survey of Iran (2004).
12. [12] Javadi S., "Petrological investigation of metamorphic rocks of Chah Yousef mountains area north of Geysour village", Mashhad Ferdowsi University. Master thesis. (in Persian) (2013).
13. [13] Kerrick D. M., "Contact metamorphism, Reviews in mineralogy", Mineralogical society of America, 26 (1991), 847 p. [DOI:10.1515/9781501509612]
14. [14] Powell P., Holland T. J. B., "An internally consistent dataset with uncertainties and corre- lations: 3. Applications to geobarometry, worked examples and a computer program", Journal of metamorphic Geology, 6(2) (1988) 173-204. [DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1314.1988.tb00415.x]
15. [15] Spear F. S., Kohn M. J., "Program Thermobarometry, version 2.1", GTB program manual, (1999) 1-42.
16. [16] Yavuz F., Kumral M., Karakaya N., Karakaya M. Ç., Yıldırım D. K., "A Windows program for chlorite calculation and classification", Computers and Geosciences, 81(2015) 101-113. [DOI:10.1016/j.cageo.2015.04.011]
17. [17] Yavuz F., Döner Z., WinAmptb A., "Windows program for calcic amphibole thermobarometry", Periodico di Mineralogia, 86, (2017) 135-167.
18. [18] Kertz R., "Symbols for rock-forming minerals", American Mineralogist, 68 (1983), 277-279.
19. [19] Whitney D.L., Evans B.W., "Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals". Am. Mineral. 95, (2010) 185-187. [DOI:10.2138/am.2010.3371]
20. [20] Nabavi M. H., "An introduction to the geology of Iran", Geological Survey of Iran. (1976)109 p.
21. [21] Pourmohammad A. S., Ahmadi Khalaji A., Homam M., Tahmasebi Z., Ebrahimi M., "Geochemistry, petrogenesis and tectonic setting of Geysour granitoid, East Gonabad", Geological Survey of Iran. in press. (in Persian) (2019).
22. [22] Homam S. M., Ghaemi F., "The mechanism of fibrolite formation in the contact aureole of Mashhad", Iranian Society of Crystalography and Mineralogy.Vol. 16, No. 1(2008).
23. [23] Ague J.J., Baxter E. F., Eckert Jr, J. O. "High fO2 during sillimanite zone Metamorphism of part of the barrovian type Locality, Glen Clova", Scotland. J. Petrology. 42, 7, (2001) 1301-1320. [DOI:10.1093/petrology/42.7.1301]
24. [24]Barker, A. J.,"Introduction to metamorphic textures and microstructures", Springer US. (1998) [DOI:10.1007/978-1-4615-7291-6]
25. [25]Grew, E. S., Locock, A. J., Mills, S. J., Galuskina, I. O., Galuskin, E. V. and Hålenius, U., "IMA report nomenclature of the garnet supergroup". American Mineralogist, 98, (2013) 785-811. [DOI:10.2138/am.2013.4201]
26. [26]Pourmohammad, A. S., "Petrology, Geochemistry and Geochronology of granitoid complex and metamorphism rocks in Geysour, East of Gonabad, Khorasan Razavi province". Lorestan University, PhD. Thesis.
27. [27]Kohn, M. J., Spear, F. S., and Dalziel, I. W. D., "Metamorphic P-T Path from Cordillera Darwin, a core complex in Tierra del Fuego, Chile". Journal of Petrology, 34, part 3, (1993) 519-542. [DOI:10.1093/petrology/34.3.519]
28. [28]Spear, F. S., "Metamorphic phase equilibrium and pressure-temperature-time paths", Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, D. C.,( 1995) 823 p.
29. [29]Triboulet, C., "The (Na-Ca) amphibole-albite-chlorite-epidote-quartz geothermobarometer in the system S-A-F-M-C-N-H2O. 1. An empirical calibration". Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 10, (1992) 545-556. [DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1314.1992.tb00104.x]
30. [30]Schumacher J. C., "Empirical ferric iron corrections: necessity, assumptions, and effects on selected geothermobarometers", Mineralogical Magazine, 55, (1991) 3-18. [DOI:10.1180/minmag.1991.055.378.02]
31. [31] Locock, A. J., "An Excel spreadsheet to classify chemical analyses of amphiboles following the IMA 2012 recommendations", Computers & Geosciences, 62, (2012) 1-11. [DOI:10.1016/j.cageo.2013.09.011]
32. [32] Leake, B. E., Woolley, A. R., Arps, C. E. S., Birch, W. D., Gilbert, M. C., Grice, J. D., Hawthorne, F. C., Kato, F. C., Kisch, H. J., Krichovichev, V. G., Linthout, K., Laird, J., Mandarino, J. A., Maresch, W. V., Nickel, E. H., Rock, N. M. S., Schumacher, J. C., Smith, D. C., Stephenson, N. C. N., Ungaretti, L., Whittaker, E. J. W. and Youzhi, G.,"Nomenclature of amphiboles: report of the subcommittee on amphiboles of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on new minerals and mineral names", American Mineralogist, 82, (1997) 1019-1037. [DOI:10.1127/ejm/9/3/0623]
33. [33] Leake, B. E., "The relationship between tetrahedral aluminum and the maximum possible octahedral aluminum in natural calciferous and subcalciferous amphiboles". American Mineralogist, 50,(1965) 843-854.
34. [34] Holland, T.J.B. and Powell, R., "An internally consistent thermodynamic data set for phases of petrological interest". J. Metamorphic Geology, 16, (1998) 309-344. [DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1314.1998.00140.x]
35. [35] Zane, A., Weiss, Z., "A procedure for classifying rock-forming chlorites based on microprobe data", Rend. Lincei Sci. Fis. Nat. Ser., 9, (1998) 51-56. [DOI:10.1007/BF02904455]
36. [36] Plissart, G., Féménias, O., Mãruntiu, M., Diot, H., Demaiffe, D., "Mineralogy and geothermometry of gabbro-derived list venites in the Tisovita-Iutiophiolite south western Romania", Canadian Mineralogist, 47 (2009) 81-105. [DOI:10.3749/canmin.47.1.81]
37. [37] Wiewióra, A., Weiss, Z., " Crystallochemical classifications of phyllosilicates based on the unified system of projection of chemical composition: II. The chlorite group", Clay Minerals, 25 (1990), 83-92. [DOI:10.1180/claymin.1990.025.1.09]
38. [38] Bayliss, P., "Nomenclature of the trioctahedral chlorites", Canadian Mineralogist, 13 (1975) 178-180.
39. [39] Ferry, J. M. Spear, F. S., "Experimental calibration of the partitioning of Fe and Mg between biotite and garnet", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 66 (1978), 113-117. [DOI:10.1007/BF00372150]
40. [40]Perchuk, L. L. and Lavrent'eva, I. V. "Experimental investigation of exchange equilibrium in the system cordierite-garnet-biotite. In Saxena, S. K., ed. Kinetics and equilibrium in mineral reactions", Springer Verlag, (1983) 199-239. [DOI:10.1007/978-1-4612-5587-1_7]
41. [41]Ganguly, J. and Saxena, S. K. "Mixing properties of aluminosilicate garnets: constraints from natural and experimental data, and applications to geothermobarometry", American Mineralogist, 69, (1984) 88-97.
42. [42]Patio Douce, A. E., Johnston, A. D., and Rice, J. M. "Octahedral excess mixing properties in biotite: A working model with applications to geobarometry and geothermometry". American Mineralogist, 78, (1993) 113-131.
43. [43] Hodges K. V., Spear F. S., "Geothermometry, geobarometry and the Al2SiO5 triple point at Mt. Moosilauke, New Hampshire". American Mineralogist, 67, (1982) 1118-1134.
44. [44] Indares A., Martignole J., "Biotite-garnet geothermometry in the granulite facies: the influence of Ti and Al in biotite", American Mineralogist, 70, (1985) 272-278.
45. [45] Graham C., Powell R., "A garnet-hornblende geothermometer: calibration, testing, and application to the Pelona Schist, Southern California", Journal of metamorphic geology, 2, (1984) 13-31. [DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1314.1984.tb00282.x]
46. [46] Wones D.R.,"Significance of the assemblage titanite+magnetite+quartz in granitic rocks", American Mineralogist, 74, (1989) 744-749.
47. [47] Helz R.T., "Phase relations of basalts in their melting range at PH2O=5 kb as a function of oxygen fugacity", Part I. Mafic phases. Journal of Petrology 14, (1973) 249-302. [DOI:10.1093/petrology/14.2.249]
48. [48] Ernst W.G., Liu J.,"Experimental phase-equilibrium study of Al- and Ti-contents of calcic amphibole in MORB-A semiquantitative thermobarometer", American Mineralogist 83, (1998) 952-969. [DOI:10.2138/am-1998-9-1004]
49. [49] Anderson J.L., Smith D.R., "The effects of temperature and fO2 on the Al-in-hornblende barometer", American Mineralogist 80, (1995) 549-559. [DOI:10.2138/am-1995-5-614]
50. [50] Otten M.T., "The origin of brown hornblende in the Artfjället gabbro and dolerites", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 86, (1984) 189-199. [DOI:10.1007/BF00381846]
51. [51] Gerya T.V., Perchuk L.L., Triboulet C., Audren C. & Sez'ko A.I., "Petrology of the Tumanshet zonal metamorphic complex, eastern Sayan". Petrology, 5(6), (1997) 503-533.
52. [52] Plyusnina L.P., "Geothermometry and geobarometry of plagioclase-hornblende bearing assemblages", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 80, (1982) 140-146. [DOI:10.1007/BF00374891]
53. [53] Zenk M., Schulz B., "Zoned Ca-amphiboles and related P-T evolution in metabasites from the classical Barrovian metamorphic zones in Scotland", Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 68(5), (2004), 769-786. [DOI:10.1180/0026461046850218]
54. [54] Hammarstrom J.M., Zen E.A.,"Aluminum in hornblende: An empirical igneous geobarometer", American Mineralogist 71(11-12), (1986) 1297-1313.
55. [55] Hollister L.S., Grissom G.C., Peters E.K., Stowell H.H., Sisson V.B., "Confirmation of the empirical correlation of Al in hornblende with pressure of solidification of calc-alkaline plutons", American Mineralogist, 72, (1987) 231-239.
56. [56] Johnson M.C., Rutherford M.J.,"Experimental calibration of the aluminum-in-hornblende geobarometer with application to Long Valley caldera (California) volcanic rocks", Geology, 17, (1989) 837-841.
https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0837:ECOTAI>2.3.CO;2 [DOI:10.1130/0091-7613(1989)0172.3.CO;2]
57. [57] Thomas W., Ernst W.G., "The aluminum content of hornblende in calc-alkaline granitic rocks; a mineralogic barometer calibrated experimentally to 12 kbars In: Spencer RJ, Chou I-M (eds) Fluid-mineral interactions: a tribute to H.P. Eugster", Geochemical Society of Special Publications 2(1990)59-63.
58. [58] Schmidt M.W., "Amphibole composition in tonalite as a function of pressure: an experimental calibration of the Al-in-hornblende barometer", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 110, (1992) 304-310. [DOI:10.1007/BF00310745]
59. [59] Ague J.J., "Thermodynamic calculation of emplacement pressures for batholithic rocks, California: Implications for the aluminum-in-hornblende barometer". Geology 25, (1997) 563- 566.
https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0563:TCOEPF>2.3.CO;2 [DOI:10.1130/0091-7613(1997)0252.3.CO;2]
60. [60] Larocque J., Canil D., "The role of amphibole in the evaluation of arc magmas and crust: the case from the Jurassic Bonanza arc section, Vancouver Island, Canada", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 159, (2010) 475-492. [DOI:10.1007/s00410-009-0436-z]
61. [61] Krawczynski M.J., Grove T.L., Behrens H., "Amphibole stability in primitive arc magmas: effects of temperature, H2O content, and oxygen fugacity". Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 164, (2012) 317-339. [DOI:10.1007/s00410-012-0740-x]
62. [62] Putirka K., "Amphibole thermometers and barometers for igneous systems and some implications for eruption mechanisms of felsic magmas at arc volcanoes", American Mineralogist, 101, (2016) 841-858. [DOI:10.2138/am-2016-5506]
63. [63] Mutch E.J.F., Blundy J.D., Tattich B.C., Cooper F.J., Brooker R.A.,"An experimental study of amphibole stability in low-pressure granitic magmas and a revised Al-in-hornblende geobarometer", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 171(10), (2016) p.85. [DOI:10.1007/s00410-016-1298-9]
64. [64] Smith D.R. "The Enchanted Rock batholith, Texas: Geochemical constraints on the origin of Llano granites", Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, 25, (1993) 261.
65. [65] Brown E. H.,"The Crossite Content of Ca-Amphibole as a Guide to Pressure of Metamorphism", Journal of Petrology, 18(1), (1977) 53-72. [DOI:10.1093/petrology/18.1.53]
66. [66] Lou Y., Wei C., Liu X., Zhang C., Tian Z., Wang W., "Metamorphic evolution of garnet amphibolite in the western Dabieshan eclogite belt, Central China: Evidence from petrography and phase equilibria modeling", Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 63 (2013) 130-138. [DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.11.031]
67. [67] Aliani F., Miri M. M., Sepahi A. A., Moanijoo M., "Evaluation of chemistry and estimation of temperature and pressure of garnet amphibolites in Hamadan", Iranian Society of Crystalography and Mineralogy, 2, (2017) 295-310.
68. [68] Haji Ali Oglu R., "Mineral chemistry, temperature-pressure and tectonic of garnet amphibolites of Takht-e-Soleiman, northwest of Takab", Iranian Society of Crystalography and Mineralogy, 4, (2017) 749-760. [DOI:10.29252/ijcm.25.4.749]
69. [69] Bourdelle F., Cathelineau M.,"Low-temperature chlorite geothermometry: a graphical representation based on a T-R2+-Si diagram", Eur. J. Mineral., 27(2015), 617-626. [DOI:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2467]
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
