Volume 27, Issue 1 (4-2019)
www.ijcm.ir 2019, 27(1): 83-94 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Shoja yami G, Ebrahimi K, Zarrinkoub M H. Investigation of major, trace and rare earth elements variations in Esfezar bentonite deposit, east of Birjand, South Khorasan Province. www.ijcm.ir 2019; 27 (1) :83-94
URL: http://ijcm.ir/article-1-1227-en.html
URL: http://ijcm.ir/article-1-1227-en.html
1- G.R.1, Kh. 1, M.H. 2
2-
2-
Abstract: (2589 Views)
The Esfezar bentonite deposit is located 50 km east of Birjand, in south Khorasan Province and as a part of eastern boundary of lut Block. This deposit is a diagenetic bentonite type, because of its layering, existence of gypsum between bentonite layers, and expanded shape. Petrography and chemical analysis of host rocks in Esfezar bentonite deposit indicate that they are mainly of dacite and trachyandesite. X ray diffraction analysis shows that the main minerals of Esfezar bentonite deposit are Na-montmorilonite, Ca-Na montmorilonite, plagioclase, cristobalit, gypsum, illite, K feldspar and quartz. The loss and gain diagrams of bentonites compare with their volcanic host rocks show that the elements of Na , K , Ca and Al are lost, while the Si , Fe , Mg , Ti and S elements are gained. The lithophile elements such as Rb, Cs and Ba similar to K in bentonite samples are lost. Sr, as the same as Ca, has gained. Elements such as Cu, Ni, Cr, V and Ti, because of surface adsorption of montmorilonite, have increased and vanadium show more enrichment than other elements. REE pattern in bentonite samples from Esfezar deposit and host rocks are similar and LREE are more than HREE. It might be possible some reaction happened between volcanic rocks or glass with sea water resulting rapid coolness which results some elements such as Ca, Al, K, Na cleared, volcanic glasses are altered and bentonite formed by receiving Mg and Fe from sea water. Existing of silicon in that environment causes opal and crystobalite to be formed.
References
1. [1] Hosterman J.W., Patterson S.H., "Bentonite and fuller's earth resources of the United States ". US Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1522,(1992), 45.
2. [2] Yalcin H., Gumuser G., "Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of late Cretaceous bentonite deposits of the Kelkit Valley region", northern Turkey, Clay minerals, 35,(2000)807- 825. [DOI:10.1180/000985500547250]
3. [3] Christidis G.E. "Geochemical correlation of bentonites from Milos Island, Aegean, Greece ", Clay Minerals, 36 (2001 ).295-306
4. [4] Zabihi R., Ebrahimi K. Zarrincoub M.H., " Mineralogical, geochemical and industrial use of kaolinite deposit of Sheikhabad (south-west Birjand) ", Iranian journal of crystallography and mineralogy, 1 (1998 ) 112-130
5. [5] Karimpour M.H., Adabi, M.H.,"Mineralogical, geochemical and industrial use of bentonites from ferdows, kashmar and gonabad in comparison with imported active bentonites", Iranian journal of crystallography and mineralogy, 1 (1998 ) 103-112.
6. [6] Malakmotiee F., Khalili M.,"Investigation of elements variations in alteration of andesite-basalt to bentonite in Tashtab mauntain, Khur Journal of Economic Geology, 4 (1391 ) 109-121.
7. [7] Namayandeh A., Modaberi S., Ranjbaran M.,"Investigation of mineralogy and geochemichal bentonite mine of chahgolestan,Sarayan"Journal of Economic Geological advanced application, 5 (1391 ) 69-79.
8. [8] Karimpour M.H., Malekzadeh Shafaroudi A., Farmer G.L., Stern C.R., "Petrogenesis of granitoids, U-Pb Zircon geochronology, Sr-Nd isotopic characteristics and important occurrence of Tertiary mineralization within the Lut block, eastern Iran". Journal of Economic Geology, 4(2012)1-27.
9. [9] Nazari H., Salamati R.,"Geological map of sarbisheh 1 : 100,000", G.S.I., 1999.
10. [10] Renjith M.l., "Micro-textures in plagioclase from the 1994e 1995v eruption, Barren Island Volcano: Evidence of dynamic magma plumbing systemin the Andaman subduction zone". Geosience Fronits, 5(2014)، 116-126.
11. [11] Perugini D., Poli G., "The mixing of magmas in plutonic and volcanic enviroments: Analogies and difference. Lithos", 153(2012): 227-261. [DOI:10.1016/j.lithos.2012.02.002]
12. [12] Poma S., Quenardelle S., Litvak V., Maisonnave E.B., Koukharsky M., "The Sierra de Macon, plutonic expression of the Ordovician magmatic arc, Salta Province, Argentina", .Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 16(2004) 587-697. [DOI:10.1016/j.jsames.2003.10.002]
13. [13] Kawabata H., Shuto K.," Magma mixing recorded in intermediate rocks associated with high-Mg andesites from the Setouchi volcanic belt, Japan: implications for Archean TTG formation". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Reserarch, 140(2005)، 241-271. [DOI:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.08.013]
14. [14] Winchester J.A., Floyd P.A.,"Geochemical discrimination of different magmaseries and their differntation products using immobile elements".Chem. Geol., 20 (1971) 325-343 [DOI:10.1016/0009-2541(77)90057-2]
15. [15] Muchangos A. D., "The mobility of rare-earth and other elements in the process of alteration of rhyolitic rocks to bentonite (Lebombo Volcanic Mountainous Chain,Mozambique)", Journal of Geochemical Exploration 88 (2005) 300-303. [DOI:10.1016/j.gexplo.2005.08.061]
16. [16] Mason B., Moore G. B., "Principles of Geochemistry", Wiley, New York (1982) 344.
17. [17] Lottermoser B. G., "Rare earth elements and heavy –metal behavior associated with epithermal gold deposit on Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea", Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 40 (1990) 269-289. [DOI:10.1016/0377-0273(90)90109-S]
18. [18] Michard A., Albarede F., "The REE content of some hydrothermal fluids", Chemical Geology 55 (1986) 51-60 [DOI:10.1016/0009-2541(86)90127-0]
19. [19] Boyonton W.V., "Geochemistry of the rare earth elements: meteorite studies. In: Henderson P. (ed),Rare earth element geochemistry". Elsivier, pp. (1984) 63-114 [DOI:10.1016/B978-0-444-42148-7.50008-3]
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
